Balder Ex-Libris - Ness ImmanuelReview of books rare and missing2024-03-16T01:56:42+00:00urn:md5:aa728a70505b2fae05796923271581c2DotclearNess Immanuel - Encyclopedia of Interest Groups and Lobbyists in the United States Vol 2urn:md5:2cec705c7cdea258248a9131a4ae2a402012-01-17T00:16:00+00:002014-05-07T22:00:26+01:00balderNess ImmanuelEncyclopediaUnited States <p><img src="https://balderexlibris.com/public/img/.Ness_Immanuel_-_Encyclopedia_of_Interest_Groups_and_Lobbyists_in_the_United_States_Vol_2_s.jpg" alt="" /><br />
Author : <strong>Ness Immanuel</strong><br />
Title : <strong>Encyclopedia of Interest Groups and Lobbyists in the United States Vol 2</strong><br />
Year : 2000<br />
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Link download : <a href="https://balderexlibris.com/public/ebook/Ness_Immanuel_-_Encyclopedia_of_Interest_Groups_and_Lobbyists_in_the_United_States_Vol_2.zip">Ness_Immanuel_-_Encyclopedia_of_Interest_Groups_and_Lobbyists_in_the_United_States_Vol_2.zip</a><br />
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The American labor movement is considerably weaker and less effective in advancing the interests of workers than equivalent movements in Western Europe and Canada. In virtually every category of economic security American workers lag behind those in other advanced industrial countries. On average, American workers earn less and work longer hours than workers in countries with stronger labor movements. Although American workers’ conditions lag behind those in other nations, they are not necessarily any less militant or less interested in improving their living standards through collective action. Scholars attribute workers’ inferior position in America to the weakness of labor unions to advance their powers with businesses and corporations, possibly because there has never been a major, labor-based political party in the United States. While effective labor-based parties have emerged in the early twentieth century throughout Europe, no equivalent party has formed in the United States. In Germany, where a strong labor party has emerged, organized labor is viewed as an important arbiter in determining the distribution of government benefits such as healthcare, pensions, and education. Moreover, while industrial democracies in Europe with a history of labor activism have elaborate social safety nets, the American welfare system has always been less extensive, and at the dawn of the twenty-first century is getting even weaker. Significantly, the United States is the only advanced industrial country that has no universal health insurance system that guarantees healthcare as a right to all its citizens. In the United States, labor unions are often viewed as special interest organizations because, rather than seeking to advance the interests of workers as a whole, unions—much like corporate interests—sometimes lobby government officials to gain special treatment for industries that employ their members. For example, the United Steelworkers and United Auto Workers support tariffs and restrictions on the import of low-cost steel and automobiles that compete with American products and jeopardize the jobs of its members. Unions that represent workers in the public sector frequently seek to gain greater government funding for their industries. But organized labor also seeks to lobby government officials to improve the conditions for all workers in America. These efforts include support for raising the minimum wage, extending unemployment benefits, and support for universal healthcare. The American organized labor movement historically has worked toward improving employees’ relations with employers and supporting government programs that benefit working people. Unions believe that wages and benefits can be improved through bargaining with employers and through influencing government policies that affect workers as a whole. By engaging in political activities unions strive to defend labor through government programs. <strong>...</strong></p>Ness Immanuel - Encyclopedia of Interest Groups and Lobbyists in the United States Vol 1urn:md5:886fb5ae76f651bbe2f36e0e5da63a912012-01-17T00:14:00+00:002014-05-07T22:00:31+01:00balderNess ImmanuelEncyclopediaUnited States <p><img src="https://balderexlibris.com/public/img/.Ness_Immanuel_-_Encyclopedia_of_Interest_Groups_and_Lobbyists_in_the_United_States_Vol_1_s.jpg" alt="" /><br />
Author : <strong>Ness Immanuel</strong><br />
Title : <strong>Encyclopedia of Interest Groups and Lobbyists in the United States Vol 1</strong><br />
Year : 2000<br />
<br />
Link download : <a href="https://balderexlibris.com/public/ebook/Ness_Immanuel_-_Encyclopedia_of_Interest_Groups_and_Lobbyists_in_the_United_States_Vol_1.zip">Ness_Immanuel_-_Encyclopedia_of_Interest_Groups_and_Lobbyists_in_the_United_States_Vol_1.zip</a><br />
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Interest groups and lobbyists play a central role in the American political system. With thousands of staffers and hundreds of millions of dollars at their command, these groups and individuals influence elections, shape government agendas, and help draft legislation. Some interest groups represent huge industries or people in a specific field or business; others are labor unions representing workers in particular trades. Still other interest groups are devoted to a single issue or cause. Interest groups represent both small and large constituencies and help to educate the public on many issues. While interest groups engage in numerous, diverse activities—from public relations to providing industry databases for members—their political functions essentially include one or both of the following: donating money to candidates’ campaigns, and hiring lobbyists to influence the course of legislation of concern to the members of the interest group. Lobbyists, who are either on the payroll of a given interest group or who work for a professional lobbying firm, then try to educate lawmakers to the views of the interest group the lobbyists represent. Often, lobbyists’ efforts go beyond education to applying pressure on legislators through public relations and advertising campaigns, such as the (in)famous “Harry and Louise” ads that sunk President Bill Clinton’s universal healthcare insurance plan in 1994. Whatever their many functions, interest groups have become so ubiquitous that it is impossible to understand modern American politics without understanding the enormous power these groups wield in shaping the national political debate. The phenomenon of interest group politics is nothing new. In the 1830s, the great French political theorist Alexis de Tocqueville noted the propensity of Americans to form associations to effect social, political, and economic change. Such groups included abolitionists, who fought to end slavery, as well as other groups who sought to outlaw dueling, capital punishment, and the consumption of alcohol. The growth of the federal government in the twentieth century, however, sparked the rise of modern, Washington-based interest groups. Progressive Era legislation in the early 1900s and the New Deal in the 1930s created new regulatory agencies that expanded the federal bureaucracy and spurred development of business-oriented interest groups. The ferment of the 1960s led to broader social programs and triggered the formation of numerous groups dedicated to environmental, civil rights, humanitarian, educational, and economic goals. These various groups supported candidates, advocated specific laws and regulations, and pressured members of Congress and government officials to pass them. <strong>...</strong></p>